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Marina86 [1]
3 years ago
5

Suppose there are 6 runners in the finals of a 100 m sprint, Abbie, Becca, Clarice, Danna, Emma, and Francine. Answer each of th

e following questions.
1. An analyst, Grace, gives Abbie a 12% chance to place first and Becca an 8% chance to place second. Assume these percentages are accurate. Can we determine the probability that Abbie will place first and Becca will place second? Why or why not?


2. Grace further informs us that the two favorites to win the race are Danna and Francine. Grace gives Danna a 48% chance to win the race and Francine a 32% chance to win. Assume these percentages are accurate. Find the probability that Danna or Francine wins the race, if possible. If not possible, explain why.


3. Suppose Abbie places first. Does this mean that Grace's probabilities were wrong? Justify your answer using terms and reasoning discussed in Chapter 5.


Bonus: Can we determine who Grace thinks is third most likely to win the race? If so, who?
Mathematics
1 answer:
riadik2000 [5.3K]3 years ago
4 0

Step-by-step explanation:

1. Abbie's chance to place first is 12÷100 = 0.12              12÷100 = 0.12

and Becca's chance to place second is 8÷100= 0.08     8÷100= 0.08

We can determine the probability that Abbie will place first and Becca will place second because ., Abbie gets more chance than Becca                             (0.12 -0.08 =0.04) to get first place

2. Danna's chance to place first is P(A) = 48÷100 = 0.48   48÷100 = 0.48

Francine's chance to place second is P(B) = 32 ÷100 = 0.38    32 ÷100 = 0.38

The probability that Danna or Francine wins the race is

=  P(A or B) = P(A) +P(B) - P(A and B)

= 0.48 +0.32 - (0.48× 0.32)  0.48 +0.32 - (0.48× 0.32)

= 0.8 - 0.15 = 0.65       0.8 - 0.15 = 0.65

3. Yes .,that Grace's probabilities were wrong  Because Grace only informs about the winning chance of  Abbie, Becca ,Danna,and Francine.

Grace gives 12% to Abbie and 48% to Danna ., in real Abbie won the first place ., so ., Grace's probabilities were wrong

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Answer:

1. (a) 32     (b) 8

2. (a) 48.33    (b) 92.75    (c) 9.63

3.  We observe that sample mean of air quality index in Pomona is higher that that of Anaheim which indicates that the level of air pollution is higher in Pomona and there is more health concern here.

On the other hand, the variation in air quality index is higher in Anaheim than in Pomona as Anaheim has higher variance and standard deviation for air quality index which means that there are not much fluctuations in air quality index in Pomona.  

Step-by-step explanation:

First arranging our data of air quality index values for Pomona in ascending order, we get : 28, 42, 45, 48, 49, 50, 55, 58, 60.

  1. (a) Range is given by the formula :

                      Highest value in data - Lowest value in data = 60 - 28 = 32

        (b) Interquartile rage = Third quartile - First quartile

                                           = Q_3 - Q_1

             Q_1 =  (\frac{n-1}{4} )^{th} observation in the data = 2^{nd} obs. { Because n = 9}

                 Therefore, Q_1 = 42.

             Q_3 = (3Q_1)^{th} obs. = (3 x 2 ) = 6^{th} obs = 50

             So, Interquartile rage = 50 - 42 = 8.

     2. (a) Sample mean formula =  \frac{\sum X_i}{n} = \frac{28+ 42+ 45+ 48+ 49+ 50+ 55+ 58+ 60}{9} = 48.33

         (b) Sample variance formula = \frac{\sum (X_i - Xbar)^{2}}{n-1} where Xbar = Sample mean

                                                         = 92.75

          (c) Sample standard deviation  formula = \sqrt{variance} = \sqrt{92.75} = 9.63.

     3. Given that a sample of air quality index readings for Anaheim has   sample mean of 48.3, a sample variance of 136, and a sample standard deviation of 11.66.

We observe that sample mean of air quality index in Pomona is higher that that of Anaheim which indicates that the level of air pollution is higher in Pomona and there is more health concern here.

On the other hand, the variation in air quality index is higher in Anaheim than in Pomona as Anaheim has higher variance and standard deviation for air quality index which means that there are not much fluctuations in air quality index in Pomona.  

                                       

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