1. The energy flow takes place via food chain and food web. During the process of energy flow in the ecosystem, plants being the producers absorb sunlight with the help of the chloroplasts and a part of it is transformed into chemical energy n in the process of photosynthesis.
2. This means that they form a kind of cycle. The extinction of one organism can cause a ripple effect that impacts all of the species involved in that food web. This means that one organism would destabilize the whole food web. The extinction of a keystone specie might force all the organisms to adapt, because this specie is one whose presence and activities strongly affect other species. In other cases the ecosystem is the one that adapts to the lack of the organism. The extinction of species with a strong interaction in the food web occur more often that the others that do not have much interaction. In some cases the food web would be affected because some animals would not have a source of food, therefore they would not have energy. That way they would have to find another way to get the food or in extreme cases they could also get extinct. An example is like the one in the picture, if the phytoplankton dies or decreases its number, its consumers would decrease their number as well, eventually the decrease of a very tiny organism would end up to the extinction of a large organism such as the killer whale or elephant seal.
The structure in cells that contains DNA and protein is the nucleosome, found in the nucleus. In the nucleus of the cell, DNA is exists in the form of a long helical thread. It order to fit inside the nucleus, the DNA thread must be compressed enough to do so.
The cell accomplishes this by wrapping the DNA thread around a protein called histone. A single unit of DNA and histone octamer (called octamer because it consists of 8 proteins) is called a nucleosome.
The entire stretch of DNA in an average human cell is about 2 meters in length and would never fit inside a cell if not for histone proteins.
Answer:
C. Acquired herniations of the muscular colon wall mucosa and submucosa
Explanation:
Hernia refers to the development of outgrowth or protrusion of all or part of the organs through their cavity walls or membrane. Diverticulosis is herniation of mucosa and submucosa of the wall of the colon. Diverticulosis is one of the conditions caused by the imbalance of homeostasis. Many sac-like outgrowths develop in the wall of the colon. The outgrowths are in the form of pouches and are called diverticula.
The out-pouching occurs where the muscularis layer of the wall of the colon has weakened. The people with diverticulosis may have no symptoms and no complications. However, when diverticulosis causes inflammation, the person experiences several complications such as pain, vomiting, nausea, etc.
Answer: The answer is Calcium.
Explanation:
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is an X-linked recessive inheritance disorder that is passed from the mother (the carrier) to the child, mostly the male. It is a disorder of progressive muscular weakness. Those who inherit it have a defective gene related to dystrophin which is a muscular protein. The gene that makes Dystrophin is broken and the muscles become weak. Calcium molecules also build up in the muscles.
This causes muscle weakness, frequent falls, trouble running or climbing the stairs and dependency on wheel chairs.