Answer:
e. All of the above are considered species under at least one species concept.
Explanation:
All of the abovementioned conditions satisfy at least one condition of species definition. Further arguments are given below to support each statement,
a. A species is the <u>monophyletic group</u> of individuals who has a <u>common ancestor</u> which could be <u>distinguished from the closest phylogenetic relative</u> based on <u>conserved genes</u> (16S in bacteria and 18S in eukaryotes). In the statement above, beetles satisfy this condition.
b. A species is the group of individuals that are capable of <u>exchanging genes or can interbreed</u>. In the above statement, birds who are interbreeding with each other must be a single species.
c. A metapopulation is generically defined as the group of populations who are <u>separated by space</u> but are the <u>same species according to phylogenetic analysis</u>. Thus, the metapopulation of salamanders who are linked by gene flow (gene migration) should be treated as one species.
d. The word "<u>lineage</u>" already conveys the message that these bacteria belong share <u>sample place in the phylogenetic tree</u> and they are capable to adapt the same environmental niche. Therefore, they should be considered as one species. This can be easily tested via 16S rRNA sequencing.
Answer:
Phospholipid is the molecules that are amphipathic in nature means the molecule has both hydrophobic as well as hydrophilic regions. The phospholipids are the important constituent of the plasma membrane.
The water and oil gets separate when mix together. If the phospholipid is mixed with the oil and water solution than the oil part is mixed with the hydrophobic part and water will mix with the hydrophilic parts. They can form micelles together.
<em>Answer</em><em>:</em><em>Nitrogen fixation</em><em> </em><em>is</em><em> </em><em>the</em><em> </em><em>nitrogen</em><em> </em><em>fixing</em><em> </em><em>bacteria</em><em>.</em>
Answer:
B
Explanation:
The butterfly formed those adaptions so predators are less likely to eat it