Answer:
Explanation:
The genes in DNA encode protein molecules, which are the "workhorses" of the cell, carrying out all the functions necessary for life. For example, enzymes, including those that metabolize nutrients and synthesize new cellular constituents, as well as DNA polymerases and other enzymes that make copies of DNA during cell division, are all proteins.
In the simplest sense, expressing a gene means manufacturing its corresponding protein, and this multilayered process has two major steps. In the first step, the information in DNA is transferred to a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule by way of a process called transcription. During transcription, the DNA of a gene serves as a template for complementary base-pairing, and an enzyme called RNA polymerase II catalyzes the formation of a pre-mRNA molecule, which is then processed to form mature mRNA (Figure 1). The resulting mRNA is a single-stranded copy of the gene, which next must be translated into a protein molecule.
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Humans conduct internal fertilisation.
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Answer:
Answer is C. Bacteria
Certain types of bacteria have a relationship with certain plants where they help convert nitrogen into a usable form.
Explanation:
Nitrogen is abundant in the atmosphere, but plants cannot use it because of the absence of a necessary enzyme, nitrogenase, which converts nitrogen into a usable form. So they form a symbiotic relationship (mutually-beneficial arrangement) with nitrogen fixing soil bacteria (rhizobia) which perform biological nitrogen fixation. Biological nitrogen fixation is a process in which the symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria coverts atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia and organic derivatives that plants can use to synthesize proteins. This bacteria form nodules on the roots of plants like legumes in which nitrogen fixation takes place.
Both plants and bacteria benefit from this symbiotic relationship, as the plant obtains ammonia to synthesize proteins from nitrogen in the atmosphere while bacteria obtain carbon compounds from the plant produced through photosynthesis and a secure environment to grow. As the plant roots leave behind some of the usable form of nitrogen in the soil, this process also increase soil fertility.
The mantle is a layer inside a planetary bodybounded below by a core and above by a crust. Mantles are either made of rock or ices, and are generally the largest and most massive layer of the planetary body. Mantles are characteristic of planetary bodies that have undergone differentiation by density. The mantle is bounded on the bottom by the planetary core and on top by the crust. In addition to the Earth, the other terrestrial planets, a number of asteroids, and moonshave mantles.
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