Question

Which of the following constitutes both a breach of confidentiality (the research data have been disclosed, counter to the agreement between researcher and subjects) and a violation of subjects’ privacy (the right of the individuals to be protected against intrusion into their personal lives or affairs)? A researcher, who is a guest, audio-records conversations at a series of private dinner parties to assess gender roles, without informing participants. A researcher asks cocaine users to provide names and contact information of other cocaine users who might qualify for a study. In order to eliminate the effect of observation on behavior, a researcher attends a support group and records interactions without informing the attendees. A faculty member makes identifiable data about sexual behavior available to graduate students, although the subjects were assured that the data would be de-identified.

Answer 1

The answer is: A faculty member makes identifiable data about sexual behavior available to graduate students, although the subjects were assured that the data would be de-identified

breach of confidentiality occurs when a certain group or individual that hold a professional relationship with  certain subjects choose to leak that sensitive information to the third party without the consent of the subject.  (such as make identifiable data about sexual behavior become public for graduate students without the consent of the subjects)

violation of subjects’ privacy refers to the act of invading other individual's private space or providing unwanted attention that can endanger that individual. (such as mentioning the identity of the subjects after ensuring that they would be de-identified)