When stem cells grown on hard, rigid surface, then they became bone cells. Researchers demonstrate in Nature materials that human mesenchymal stem cells grown on a rigid substrate for some time become biased toward differentiating into bone-cell lineage, whereas cell grown on softer surfaces are just likely to eventually follow a bone or fat cell fate.
In the carbon cycle, decomposers break down dead material from plants and other organisms and release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, where it's available to plants for photosynthesis. ... After death, decomposition releases carbon into the air, soil and water.
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Larger habitats support populations with higher carrying capacities. Higher quality habitats support populations with higher carrying capacities. There is no difference in population growth rate between large and small habitats. Some major threats to biodiversity are: Habitat destruction/Deforestation, Introduced and invasive species, Genetic pollution, Over exploitation, Hybridization, Climate change, Diseases, Human overpopulation. If abiotic or biotic factors change, the carrying capacity changes as well. Natural disasters can destroy resources in an ecosystem. If resources are destroyed, the ecosystem will not be able to support a large population. This causes the carrying capacity to decrease.
Carrying capacity could be reduced if each individual within the species consumed less from the environment. Think about humans: if every human needs a four car garage and a large house, the planet can sustain fewer humans than if each human lived in a studio apartment and traveled using a bicycle. It would take 1.75 Earths to sustain our current population. If current trends continue, we will reach 3 Earths by the year 2050. It is beyond dispute that the modern industrial world has been able to temporarily expand Earth's carrying capacity for our species. As Nordhaus points out, population has grown dramatically (from less than a billion in 1800 to 7.6 billion today), and so has per capita consumption. Historically, habitat and land use change have had the biggest impact on biodiversity in all ecosystems, but climate change and pollution are projected to increasingly affect all aspects of biodiversity. Sustainable agriculture practices support integrating biodiversity in various ways including in terms of diversity of crops, traditional agriculture techniques to control pests and increase productivity as well as ensuring that farmed land is made up of a diverse mix of grazing land, crop land, orchards, wetlands and more.
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