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IgorC [24]
3 years ago
13

Choose all the answers that apply. Evolution _____. happens slowly over time is any change in the DNA of an organism only occurs

below the species level can be caused by genetic drift can be caused by natural selection
Biology
1 answer:
xxMikexx [17]3 years ago
6 0

Answer: The Answers are, A: happens all the time, D: can be caused by genetic drift, and E: can be caused by natural selection.

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Compare and contrast osmotic challenges faced by animals in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial environments, and the adaptation
Gnesinka [82]

Answer:

  • Fresh water fish have higher salt contents in their bodies than in their environments.
  • Marine fishes have less salt in their bodies than their environment
  • Terrestrial organisms have the challenge of water retention due to atmospheric contact.

Explanation:

FRESH WATER OSMOREGULATION

The salt concentration in salt water fish is higher than the concentration found in its environment (fresh water). This causes water to enter into the body of the fish through osmosis and without regulating processes, the fish is bound to swell and likely burst.To compensate for this challenge, the kidney in fresh water fish produces a large amount of urine, causing them to lose salt. To ensure too salt is not lost beyond the basic requirement, chloride cells in the gills take up ions from the water which are transported into the blood.

MARINE OSMOREGULATION

In marine fishes, the challenge opposes that of fresh water fishes since salt content in this case is lower in their blood than in their environment. To address this challenge, marine fishes lose water constantly while retaining salts to lead to a build up. The water lost, is then made up for and replenished by continual drinking of seawater. The chloride cells in marine fishes works in a manner opposing that of fresh water fish, functioning to compliment the excretion of salts by the kidney.

TERRESTRIAL OSMOREGULATION

The major challenge of osmoregulation in  terrestrial organisms is water regulation in the body owing to their contact with the atmosphere.

Terrestrial organisms possess effective kidneys which enable osmoregulation. A series of processes including filtration, re-absorption and tubular secretion, enable regulation of fluids and water conservation.

Water passes out of the descending limb of the loop of Henle, leaving a more concentrated filtrate inside. Salt diffuses out from the lower, thin part of the ascending limb. In the upper, thick part of the ascending limb, salt is then actively transported into the interstitial fluid. The amount of salt in the interstitial fluid, determines how much water moves out of the descending limb i.e the saltier it gets, the more water moves out of the descending limb. This process leaves a concentrated filtrate inside, so more salt passes out. Water from the collecting ducts moves out by osmosis into this hypertonic interstitial fluid and is carried away by capillaries, achieving osmoregulation.

8 0
3 years ago
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Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase catalyzes the phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, but unlike other glycolyti
zaharov [31]

Answer:

Answer: The correct option is C

Explanation:

The glycolytic pathway involves the oxidation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.

Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate is oxidized by NAD+ and an inorganic phosphate is incorporated into the product to form an acyl-phosphate, 1,3-bisphosglycerate, which is an energy rich intermediate. NAD+ is reduced by the transfer of an hydride ion to form NADH. Once NADH is formed, its affinity for the enzyme decreases so that the free NAD+ displaces this NADH. The energy released by the oxidation of the substrate is conserved in the terminal phosphoanhydride bond of ATP via the formation of high energy intermediates.

Thus the oxidation/reduction is necessary to produce NADP which is required for ATP synthesis.

7 0
3 years ago
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Women have sex chromosomes XX, and men have sex chromosomes XY. Which of a woman's grandparents could not be the source of any o
sweet [91]

Answer: her grandpa could not have been the source of either of her XX chromosomes.

Explanation: A male is the sole provider of the Y chromosome whereas females only have two XX's and no Y's

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3 years ago
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The pancreas, which releases hormones to control blood sugar levels and also enzymes to aid in digestion, is known as a(n) _____
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Answer:endocrine gland

Explanation: these are duct less glands

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3 years ago
I need help i will give brainlyest if right
Sonja [21]

Answer:

D :)

Explanation:

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