<u>Answer</u>: The answers are matched as follows:
African forests have been hunted to near extinction levels to obtain ivory-------------->human exploitation
The eruption of mount Saint Helens destroyed some populations of conifers------> natural disasters
An infection with a fungus reduced the population of North American Elm trees ----> disease
Increasing global temperatures have altered migration patterns of humpback whales ------>climate change
<u>Explanation</u>:
- <em>Human</em> <em>exploitation</em> is the unethical or selfish use of resources to satisfy their own personal needs or for any profitable activity which harms the resources in such a way that they get limited. Humans have been hunting elephants to obtain ivory for many purposes such as making jewellery etc. and earning profits from it. Due to such extensive hunting they have driven the elephants to a level of extinction and thus, this is a form of human exploitation.
- Mount Saint Helens is a volcano and its eruption which harms the population of the trees in the area is a form of natural disaster since volcanic eruption is a <em>natural</em> <em>phenomena</em>.
- Fungal infection is a <em>disease</em> which is cause by the microorganisms which harms the population of the Elm trees.
- Increase of global temperature is a type of climate <em>change</em> and thus, this effect of alteration of migration pattern is caused by climate change.
1) Are they reliable?
2) Are they relevant?
3) Are they recent?
4) Are they sound resources?
5) Are they a primary source?
6) Are they a secondary source?
This phenomenon can be explained by Allen's rule. It says that the body proportions and shape may vary in different climates. The temperature decreases as the latitude increases, so in the northern region is much colder. Animals must preserve heat in such conditions. So, exposed surface areas of the body, such as the ears, feet, and tail, are usually minimized to minimize heat loss in the cold climate. <span>Therefore, northern species often have smaller ears, feet, and tail than the southern species. </span>
Metagenomics is the study of genetic material recovered directly from environmental sample. Its field has been responsible for substantial advances in microbial ecology, evolution, and diversity over the past 5 to 10 years and many research laboratories are actively engaged in it now. Using metagenomics, the distinctions between bacterial species are based upon the comparison of DNA nucleotide sequences of different bacterial species.
