Answer: parallax is the best answer
Answer:
Internal factors include particle-size distribution, organic matter content, mineralogy and water content of the soil. Externally applied forces are generally mechanically applied forces, the primary source of these being vehicular traffic
Explanation:
Answer:
Double-stranded DNA
Explanation:
If a virus requires to transport its genome in the nucleus to produce viral protein then the viral genome content must be DNA. This DNA of the virus will use the RNA polymerase of the host cell and will first convert into mRNA in the nucleus.
Then the mRNA of the virus will come out of the nucleus because the protein synthesis takes place outside the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. So in the cytoplasm by using host translational machinery the viral mRNA will code for viral proteins. So the correct answer is double-stranded DNA.
We are well aware that there are two stages of photosynthesis:
- Light dependent reactions
- Light independent reactions/ Calvin cycle/ dark reactions.
Calvin cycle or light-independent reactions:
This comprise the process during which carbon dioxide enters into the leaves of plants and passes through series of steps to form sugar or food. This process depends on the supply of ATP, (the ATP that is formed previously during light dependent reactions).
Now there are three stages of Calvin cycle:
- 1) carbon fixation
- 2) reduction
- 3) regeneration
During the process of carbon fixation CO2 combines with a 5-carbon compound called RuBP or ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate which results in the synthesis of a 6-carbon compound that splits up in to 2 three carbon compounds called phosphoglyceric acid (3-PGA).
Here out focus will be the process of Reduction.
Reduction is the second stage of Calvin cycle during which phosphoglyceric acid (3-PGA) is converted to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) that is a sugar. During the process of reduction, energy in the form of ATP and NADPH are used for the conversion of 3-PGA to G3P. As 3-PGA is reduced to G3P, therefore this process is known as reduction.
After reduction, a series of reactions occur that lead to the synthesis of glucose but since focus of our question was reduction, so you can see more details of the process in attached figure.
Hope it helps!
Answer:
b. They are produced by memory B cells
Explanation:
The rapid cell division in activated B cells is followed by the differentiation of daughter cells into the plasma cells. The plasma cells are the precursor for antibodies and memory B cells. The antibodies kill the antigens while memory B cells are long-lived cells.
Hence, antibodies are not produced by memory B cells but by plasma cells.