Destruction of myelin will affect the nerve and there will be the less conduction of electrical impulses from the brain to other parts of the body and the nerve signal sent to the brain are delayed. These damaged nerve areas form sclerosis which disrupts the signalling capacity of the nerve. This may occur due to genetic defects, infectious agents, auto immune reactions and trauma.
Answer:
d) A constitutively active mutant form of PKA in skeletal muscle cells would lead to an excess in the amount of glycogen available.
Explanation:
This occurs in the process of Glycogenolysis. The process involves breaking down of glycogen to glucose -1- phosphate and glycogen which helps in the release of glucose into the blood stream to prevent hypoglycemia(low blood sugar). The glucose-1-phosphate is later converted to glucose -6-phosphate. The latter enters the glycolytic pathway in which the reaction is catalysed by the enzyme phosphoglucomutase.
This homeostatic glucose regulation is regulated by the protein kinase(PKA)/ cAMP pathway in the skeletal muscles, the liver and the pancreas.
Answer:
The two factors are:
• The kind/type of surface involved.
• The force that the surface are being pushed together.
Explanation:
Friction can be said to be the general term used to describe the force that one surface exert on another when they rub against each other.
When the surface is partially not smooth or totally rough, a greater force is been needed to move one surface past the other.
The weight of the can also significantly be a key factor. This is where the need to friction reduction come to play a role; and need for friction reducers like lubricant, rollers etc helps.
Answer:
The reflex arc follows this sequence of events
1. sensory receptor activation
2. sensory neuron activation
3.information processing
4. motor neuron activation
5. effector response
Explanation:
Reflex arc is the pathway of nerves during a reflex action. An example of a reflex arc is when we accidentally touch a hot object. First, the receptor in the skin detects a stimulus in this case the change in temperature. Second, the sensory neuron transmit the electrical impulses to the Central Nervous System for information processing. Then relay neurons connect sensory neurons to motor neurons. Third, motor neurons sends electrical impulses to an effector wherein the effector produces a response ( muscle contracts to move the hand away from the hot object. This happens in a split of seconds.
