Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
Yes, there is the presence of a threat.
This threat is known as instrumentation. There is an Instrumentation threat when changes are made in the instrument, or the changes are made in the researcher, or the scorer when the research is being carried out.
In this question, mrs smith is the one who is the researcher, the program of reinforcement can be called the instrument. She made errors during the first few week but started getting it right in the second week. So there is a slight change in these two weeks. Causing instrumentation threat to how valid the program is.
The "mirror test" consists of painting a red spot on the baby's forehead or nose, large enough so that he/she/they can see it easily, and place it in front of a mirror. If the child tries to touch the reflex, it means that he/she/they do not understand that the image is his/her/their own. But if /he/she/they try to clean or touch the spot on her face, it's because he/she/they already aware of her image.
Answer: After world war II
Explanation:
Political science and comparitive politics changed after world war II, there was a better view to how politics was now seen instead of the descriptive and atheoretical knowledge that was held.
They both require respective heads of the executive branch of government.