According to Hobbes, a well-ordered society would be one in which there is a strong central government. In one of his most famous works, Leviathan, Hobbes argues that if there was no strong government to control the people that many societies would be in constant warfare against each other. To prevent this from happening, Hobbes argues that citizens and the government must have a social contract.
A social contract consists of citizens giving up some of their freedoms/rights so that society can be more organized and safe. The government would be responsible for controlling citizens and keeping society safe.
The Great Compromise solved issues between states with small populations and states with large populations.
The Great Compromise was developed at the Constitutional Convention and helped in creating the modern day structure of Congress. In this deal, both states with small populations and large populations got something they wanted. For example, the Senate would be composed of 2 Senators from each state, regardless of their states population. This helped to ensure that smaller states had a voice in the creation of federal laws.
On the other hand, the House of Representatives would have the number of representatives based on a states population. The greater the population, the more representatives. This made larger states happy, as they felt this accurately represented the power they should have in Congress.
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<u>These two quotes pronounced by President Herbert Hoover, express his viewpoint on the Great Depression</u> and his opinion about the different formulas adopted to overcome it:
- <em>"Let me remind you that credit is the lifeblood of business, the lifeblood of prices and jobs.
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- <em>"You cannot extend the mastery of government over the daily life of a people without somewhere making it master of people's souls and thoughts.… Every step in that direction poisons the very roots of liberalism. It poisons political equality, free speech, free press, and equality of opportunity. It is the road not to more liberty but to less liberty."</em>
Hoover became one of the main detractors of Roosevelt's New Deal which, based on Keynesian economics, fostered goverment interventionism in order to boost the depressed demand levels as the mechanism to create employment and economic growth. Such interventionism was materialized by increasing public spending.
In opposition, supporters of free markets and<em> laisez-faire</em> economic policies, such as Hoover, criticized this recovery plan because they believed that markets on their own would reach the most efficient outcomes and that the country would get innecessarily indebted. Moreover, they believed that the situation would be worsened by interventionist policies that hampered certain individual liberties.
Storming of the Bastille - July 14, 1789, French peasants attack the Bastille which is a famous French prison that also held arms, the date of the storming is celebrated in France today
<span>Reign of Terror - once Louis XVI had been chased off the throne and a new republic established, the republic became bloodthirsty in its desire to protect its rule. Thousands were executed (mostly using the guillotine) including Louis XVI and his wife Marie Antoinette.
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Ended the absolute monarchy of Louis XVI
Led to rise of Napoleon as emperor (dictator of France)</span>
