<span>Trophic level—90% of energy consumed at trophic
level is used by the consumer for survival and reproduction. The remaining 10%
is transferred to the next trophic level. So the answer is 10,000 x 0.9
or 9,000 calories will be generally available
to primary consumer</span>
Speciation is the
process by which new and distinct species are formed. One of the most important
factors necessary for speciation to occur is the genetic isolation of two
populations. This genetic isolation can, over long periods of time, cause these
two groups to become genetically incompatible. Factors that can lead to this
genetic isolation include geographic separation and hostility among population
groups.
This is because the GP120 protein
of the HIV virus that forms the ‘knob’ is
essential for the infection of CD4 cells
of the immune system by the virus. The glycoprotein is, therefore, a good
target for vaccines especially since the
molecule is highly conserved because most mutations in the region could be highly deleterious to the virus.
Answer:
d. multiple alleles and codominance
Explanation:
ABO blood group is controlled by three alleles instead of the usual two. Hence, it is an example of multiple alleles. These three alleles are IA, IB and i. IAIA genotype leads to production of A antigen hence A blood group. IBIB genotype leads to production of B antigen hence B blood group. When they are present together (IAIB) both A and B antigens are produced resulting in AB blood group. Hence ABO blood group is also an example of codominance.
Both IA and IB are dominant over the i allele. So IAi and IBi will produce A and B blood group respectively. ii genotype leads to O genotype.
