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Explanation:
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A single carbon atom can form a maximum of 4 single covalent bonds... This is because it has 4 electrons and needs to reach a total of 8, so it can make up to 4 covalent bonds to gain the electrons it needs.
Answer:
Bacteria are essential in cycling the nutrients back into the soil for plants to use, and cycling nitrogen back into the atmosphere. Nitrogen is found everywhere in the world, including animal waste, the atmosphere, and decaying matter.
Answer:
Cell-cell communication
Explanation:
Integrins are heterodimeric transmembrane receptors that facilitate the adhesion to the cell-extracellular matrix by attaching the cytoskeleton to this matrix. Moreover, integrins also help the cells bind with other cells. Integrins are responsible for the communication between cells and thus control tissue structure. These receptors are responsible for the attachment of fibroblasts to collagen, as well as the attachment of fibroblasts to fibronectin. It is also important to highlight that the binding of integrins with their corresponding ligands activates signaling pathways that control diverse cellular processes including, among others, cell growth, cell development, cell migration, phagocytosis, etc.