<u>ANSWER:</u>
The correct order is- Zygote, Blastula, Gastrula, Fetus.
<u>EXPLANATION:</u>
- The embryo develops from the zygote which is formed when the gametes fuse in the process of "fertilization".
- The zygote undergoes cell division to form blastula which is a "ball of cells".
- Gastrula leads to the rearrangement of cells of the blastula into three layers that differentiate into different systems of organ.
- The last stage is the fetus which then develops into a baby.
<span>he Streptococcus pneumoniae capsule is vital for virulence and may inhibit complement activity and phagocytosis. However, there are only limited data on the mechanisms by which the capsule affects complement and the consequences for S. pneumoniae interactions with phagocytes. Using unencapsulated serotype 2 and 4 S. pneumoniae mutants, we have confirmed that the capsule has several effects on complement activity. The capsule impaired bacterial opsonization with C3b/iC3b by both the alternative and classical complement pathways and also inhibited conversion of C3b bound to the bacterial surface to iC3b. There was increased binding of the classical pathway mediators immunoglobulin G (IgG) and C-reactive protein (CRP) to unencapsulated S. pneumoniae, indicating that the capsule could inhibit classical pathway complement activity by masking antibody recognition of subcapsular antigens, as well as by inhibiting CRP binding. Cleavage of serum IgG by the enzyme IdeS reduced C3b/iC3b deposition on all of the strains, but there were still marked increases in C3b/iC3b deposition on unencapsulated TIGR4 and D39 strains compared to encapsulated strains, suggesting that the capsule inhibits both IgG-mediated and IgG-independent complement activity against S. pneumoniae. Unencapsulated strains were more susceptible to neutrophil phagocytosis after incubation in normal serum, normal serum treated with IdeS, complement-deficient serum, and complement-deficient serum treated with IdeS or in buffer alone, suggesting that the capsule inhibits phagocytosis mediated by FcÎł receptors, complement receptors, and nonopsonic receptors. Overall, these data show that the S. pneumoniae capsule affects multiple aspects of complement- and neutrophil-mediated immunity, resulting in a profound inhibition of opsonophagocytosis.</span>
Answer:
The correct answer is cephalocaudal pattern of growth.
Explanation:
Cephalocaudal signifies head to toe, the cephalocaudal pattern of growth is generally witnessed in the initial years of postnatal development, that is, from infancy to toddlerhood. The cephalocaudal development signifies the growth and development starting from the head to the parts below.
In this pattern of growth, the infant possesses the tendency to first acquire their control over the muscles of the neck that makes them hold their head in a steady manner. The cephalocaudal pattern is the tendency of the infant to make use of their upper limbs first like hands before making use of their lower limbs, that is, for crawling or walking.
The difference between the two DNA sequences, is that there was a C added to the new sequence. This mutation is called insertion
D. 5
I hope this helps :)
