At the molecular level, cells from different types of organisms vary in their tolerance to temperature and pH. This variation can mostly likely be attributed to the types of enzymes present in the cells.
- The tolerance ranges for abiotic environmental factors are similar to the geographic ranges that organisms have.
- To put it another way, they can tolerate (or survive in) a specific range of a given factor, but they cannot survive if the element is present in either an excessive or insufficient amount.
- Take temperature, for example. Polar bears thrive in cold climates but would perish in the tropics from excessive heat.
- Cells are incapable of acting as "liquid machinery" at temperatures below freezing and above boiling.
- The majority of cells, however, are still unable to function across the entire range of liquid temperatures.
- Variance in enzyme activity and protein denaturation are most closely related to variation in cells' capacity to vary in their tolerance to temperature, etc. at the molecular level in various animals.
learn more about temperature tolerance here: brainly.com/question/13492803
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They are both ectothermic, but fish have gills, and reptiles have lungs.
Short Answer: A
Long Answer:
All the things listed in A are well known greenhouse gases. In 'B', there are no greenhouse gases, and 'C' contains no greenhouse gases either. (No gases)
1) Embryonic stem cells can become all cell types of the body because they are pluripotent (that means having the ability to originate almost every type of cell in the body). On the other hand, adult stem cells are more limited and can only differentiate into different cell types of the same tissue. For example, if the tissue is skin, they would differentiate in keratinocytes, melanocytes, etc. We can say that adult stem cells are multipotent because they can become more than one type of cell.
1.1
Advantages of embryonic stem cells:
-They can grow easily in culture
-Originate almost every type of cell in the body with the right stimuli
Advantages of adult stem cells:
-Adult stem cells that come from this patient and then are reintroduced in him are less likely to initiate rejection after transplantation.
- They are present in a lot of tissues/organs: bone marrow, brain, blood vessels, muscle, skin, heart, and many more.
1.2 Disadvantages of embryonic stem cells:
- They are obtained from human embryos and because of that they are destroyed during the process
-There is not enough information obtained to understand this cells completely.
Disadvantages of adult stem cells:
-It's difficult to isolate these cells from the rest of the tissue
It'sts not easy to have a big number of them in cell culture
(these are a problem because it needs to exist large numbers of these cells to be used in replacement therapy for this patient.)
2)
<span>The answer is: During differentiation, certain genes are activated to produce proteins that enable specific functions.
</span>During the differentiation process, some parts of the cell genome will be activated or expressed, while others parts will have it repressed. The part that was activated will lead to translated proteins that will help dictate the shape of the cell as well as their function. This is a process of gene expression and can be activated or repressed by stimuli from the inside or outside of the cell.
3. The answer that BEST explains is Meiosis results in offspring with genotypes that are not exact copies of the parents.
Something that differentiates meiosis from mitosis is the fact that the new cells have different genetic information due to the recombination of genetic material from the parents. This will make the offspring different from the parents. Also, a process that helps mixing the DNA is Crossing over. Crossing over. is an exchange of DNA between homologous chromosomes (half are from the mother and the other half from the father).
Answer:
True - plants are living things
