Answer:
Three factors that contribute to volunteer bias are: 1) privileges of the study participants and 2) having high energy and 3) being vested in the survey or research question.
Explanation:
Volunteer bias refers to the kind of bias that happens when volunteers are not likely to represent the general population. Volunteers may be more likely to be unemployed for example or they might be more likely to be women. It has been noted that project volunteers also tend to be high in agree-ableness and they are open to new experiences in terms of their personalities. This presents a problem when researchers want their same to be a general representation of the population. We should also consider the characteristics and lifestyles of those who decline from participating or who do not volunteer to really get a sense of the general population.
Answer:
B) B. F. Skinner
Explanation:
In 1948, B. F. Skinner, a behavioral psychologist, published his novel <em>Walden Two. </em>In his novel, Skinner describes a Utopian community, called "Walden Two," that is entirely ruled by operant conditioning - <em>a learning method in which punishments and rewards are used. </em>
This society is around one-thousand people and is governed by behavioral principles. They all seem to be quite happy with their lifestyles. Here, people tend to work for an average of four hours a day and are not paid with money, as it does not have a value in Walden Two. Everything here is experimental and people are "trained" or "conditioned" since childhood to reach efficiency and improvement.
Answer:
Expectancy theory.
Explanation:
Amanda is aware that if her class performs well, she will be nominated for the award that is received by the teacher whose class scores the highest in the state. This scenario is reflective of the assumptions of the <em>expectancy theory</em>. The expectancy theory was proposed by Victor Vroom in 1964. This theory states that the motivation of an employee is determined by the expectancy that better efforts will lead to the expected performance, and this will be followed by the nomination to the award. The stress is put on the expected outcome of the effort.
The correct answer should be glass walls.
As opposed to glass ceiling, where no advancement above a certain level is allowed whatsoever, when it comes to glass walls, women and minorities can advance, but only within their own small department. However, they cannot reach any higher leadership positions.
The Compromise of 1877 gave Ruther B. Hayes the presidency in exchange for the end of Reconstruction in the South.
