An ionic bond occurs when ____

To know if two genes are linked, we must observe the progeny distribution. If heterozygous individuals, whose genes assort independently, are test crossed, they produce a progeny with equal phenotypic frequencies 1:1:1:1. If we observe a different distribution, phenotypes appearing in different proportions, we can assume linked genes in the double heterozygote parent.

We might verify which are the recombinant gametes produced by the di-hybrid, and we will be able to recognize them by looking at the phenotypes with lower frequencies in the progeny. Phenotypes with the highest frequencies represent the parental gametes.

To calculate the recombination frequency, we will use the following formula: P = Recombinant number / Total of individuals.

In the present example:

Parental) YySs x yyss

Gametes) YS parental type ys, ys, ys, ys

ys parental type

Ys recombinant type

yS recombinante type

The total number of individuals in the offspring: 1545

Phenotypic class Number of offspring

500 Y-S- (parental)
515 yyss (parental)
260 Y-ss (recombinant)
270 yyS- (recombinant)

According to this information, the phenotypic frequencies of the progeny differ from the phenotypic ratio 1:1:1:1. We can assume then, that these genes are linked.

The recombination frequency is:

P = Recombinant number / Total of individuals

P = 260 + 270 / 1545

P = 530/1545

P = 0.343

The genetic distance between genes is 0.343 x 100= 34.4 MU.

6 0

3 years ago

An experiment was done by Gierer and Schramm where they exposed plant tissue to purified RNA from tobacco mosaic virus, and the

cestrela7 [59]

Answer:

See the answer below

Explanation:

A DNase is also known as deoxyribonuclease and it is an enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of deoxyribonucleic acid by cleaving the phosphodiester linkage in their structures. Thus, if the RNA is treated with a DNase before the plants are exposed to it, it will not make any difference. The plants will develop the same types of lesions as if they have been exposed to the mosaic virus.

Unlike DNase, RNase is a ribonuclease, an enzyme that is capable of carrying out catalytic degradation of ribonucleic acids. This means that if the RNA is treated with RNase before the plants are made to be exposed to it, they will not develop the lesions because the RNA would have been degraded by the enzyme.

A protease is an enzyme that degrades the structure of proteins. Treating a RNA with protease will thus have no effect on the structure of the RNA. Exposing the plants to the protease-treated RNA will make no difference. The plants will still come down with the lesions as if they have been exposed to the virus.

7 0

3 years ago

Write a story of an atom below

QveST [7]

Answer:

Democritus who was a Greek philosipher, believed that everything was made from tiny little indesrtuctible and undividable spheres called atoms at 400 B.C.E. Thomson believed that atoms were positively charged spheres of matter with electrons being randomly scattered in them in 1904

3 0

3 years ago

An ionic bond occurs when _____.