answer: -3
remember the equation y = mx + b
m is the slope, and b is the y-intercept
so in the equation y = 4x - 3,
4 replaces the m as the slope and -3 replaces b for the y-intercept
so -3 is your answer
$78.48 / 24 = $3.27
The cost was $3.27 per gallon.
It's the same formula as the one used on Earth. It is based on the Pythagorean theorem.
length = √((∆x)^2 +(∆y)^2 +(∆z)^2)
.. where ∆x, ∆y, ∆z are the differences between the end-point coordinates in the x-, y-, and z-directions, respectively.