The American empires founded by Spain and Portugal broke up in the 19th century. These European countries were no longer powerful, and their colonies struggled to break away. Wars brought liberation, but independence was often followed by strife between the new nations.
Table 53. LIBERATION
<span><span>1816Argentina declares independence
</span><span>1818San Martín liberates Chile
</span><span>1819Gran Colombia is founded
</span><span>1820Brazil annexes Uruguay
</span><span>1821Peru gains independence Venezuela and Ecuador are liberated
</span><span>1822Brazil breaks away from Portugal
</span><span>1825Bolivia is liberated</span></span>WHO WAS KNOWN AS THE LIBERATOR?
Simón Bolívar, “the Liberator,” helped to free much of South America. He fought in Venezuela and ruled Colombia and Ecuador. He freed Peru, and Bolivia was renamed in his honor. Other freedom fighters included Bernardo O’Higgins and José de San Martín, who fought in Argentina, Chile, and Peru.
<span>) holding civilian control of the military.
The president basically held the military general to account.
The general did not take into consideration the agreement that china and USA had on not crossing the 13th parallel. They were forced to retreat by over 300,000 Chinese troops and all the gains that had been made in the northern territory were lost.
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There are the same type of arguments are against the political parties, and some of the deal programs are still used today.
Alexandria was the only Egyptian city that had a significant Christian population as well as Carthage
