1. Answer: A
Explanation: For a cell to form proteins, the specific types of proteins are coded for by the genes in DNA (found in the chromosomes of the nucleus). To produce proteins, the genes are first transcribed by RNA polymerase to form messenger-RNA. The mRNA is then translated into proteins by ribosomes in the cytoplasm of the cell.
2. Answer: B
Explanation: Translation of genes into proteins is dependent on the sequence of nucleotides. They are translated in sequences of 3 nucleotides known as codons. Therefore adding a nucleotide on a piece of DNA causes what is referred to as a frame-shift mutation. The 3 sequences (of codons) is interrupted and shifted by one nucleotide. Therefore, the codons change and the amino acids translated will also change.
3. Answer: A
Expanation: Producers are significant in a food chain because they incorporate the energy of the sun into the food chain. This is why they are at the base of the food chain and have the largest biomass. They are consumed by primary consumers which are consumed by secondary consumers which are consumed by tertiary consumers and so on.
4. Answer: D
Explanation: Plants are consumed by herbivores. Therefore, a decrease in plant population due to drought was resulted to decrease in herbivore population. This is due to stiff competition by the herbivores for the scarce plant population. Carnivores consume herbivores. Due to a decrease in the herbivore population, then the carnivore population would also decrease.
5. Answer: A
Explanation: Burning of fossil fuels emits carbon dioxide gas which is a greenhouse gas. Greenhouse gas traps infrared wavelength of lights hence warming up the atmosphere, causing global warming. Reduction in use of fossil fuels will hence alleviate an increase in global temperature hence protect coral in the oceans from bleaching.
Answer:
An energy pyramid is useful in quantifying the transfer of energy from one organism to another along a food chain. Energy is higher at the bottom of the pyramid, but it decreases as you move up through the trophic levels. Namely, as energy flows through the various trophic levels, some energy is normally dissipated as heat at each level.
Explanation:
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The correct answers are as follows:
1. A.
There are basically two types of succession, they are primary and secondary succession. Primary succession refers to the type of succession that occurs in new and bare areas where the soil present is unable to sustain the growth of plants. An example of primary succession area is an area with sand dunes that is freshly formed. Primary succession usually occur over a long period of time. Secondary succession is a type of succession that occur on a land which was disturbed by hazardous events such as fire outbreak, flood, etc. Secondary succession occurs much faster than the primary succession.
2. D
There are two types of factors that affect any particular ecosystem, these are abiotic and biotic factors. The abiotic factors refers to non living factors such as temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, etc. while the biotic factors refer to the living factors. Looking at the options given above, one will see that only option D has living factor, which is predators. All other options have abiotic factors.
Answer:
Xᵇ Xᴮ : tortoiseshell female;
Xᵇ Xᵇ : orange female;
Xᴮ Y: black male;
Xᵇ Y: orange male.
Explanation:
The possible genotypes and phenotypes for coat color in cats is:
<u>Females</u>
- XᵇXᵇ: orange
- XᴮXᴮ: black
- XᴮXᵇ: tortoiseshell
<u>Males</u>
<u>Cross of an orange male and a tortoiseshell female</u>
XᵇY x XᴮXᵇ
The male produces the gametes Xᵇ and Y; the female produces the gametes Xᴮ and Xᵇ.
<u>The expected offspring resulting from the combination of those gametes is:</u>
- Xᵇ Xᴮ : tortoiseshell female
- Xᵇ Xᵇ : orange female
- Xᴮ Y: black male
- Xᵇ Y: orange male
Answer:
Chemical energy → Thermal energy
Explanation:
The food in the body of the monkey is in form of chemical energy. Through catabolic metabolism it is broken down to release energy. The body generated warms the monkey in form of kinetic energy that can also be lost into the surrounding from the body through radiation.