Explanation:
Resistivity, commonly symbolized by the Greek letter rho, ρ, is quantitatively equal to the resistance R of a specimen such as a wire, multiplied by its cross-sectional area A, and divided by its length l; ρ = RA/l. The unit of resistance is the ohm.
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Although the actual questions are missing from your ask, here's how you can tell.
If the study will be messed up (added bias) through interaction with the subjects the study should be observational. For example if a biologists wanted to study the eating habits of wild birds in the tropics, they would need to do an observational study. if they did a controlled experiment, the birds will change their eating habits based on human interaction, thus making the study invalid.
If the study requires specific measurements, close monitoring, or contact and interaction with the subjects the study should be a controlled experiment. For example, if a scientist wanted to test out a new drug, the health of patients would need to be closely monitored.
This fossil must be younger than 475 million years old, because that is when land plants arose
An individual inherits their mitochondrial DNA from their mother.
The little circular chromosome contained inside mitochondria is called mitochondrial DNA. These organelles are the heart of the cell and are present in all eukaryotic cells. The only way for mitochondria and their DNA to be transmitted from mother to child is through the egg cell.
Mitochondrial inheritance: The mitochondria in this particular type of inheritance have their own DNA. Only illnesses resulting from mutations in the mitochondrial DNA are solely passed down through mothers.
Because sperm contain few mitochondria and these break down after fertilization, an individual's mitochondrial DNA is solely acquired from the mother.
To know more about mitochondrial DNA visit the link:
brainly.com/question/28937546?referrer=searchResults
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