In American politics a(n) mandate refers to the instructions or demands a constituency gives to its elected officials
the republic was much like the government of the USA is today (the founders like what Rome did so they took it) and what caused it to become an empire was power hungry rulers hope this helps good luck
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The sepoy revolt/mutiny failed because rebel sepoys had simply declared a Mughal Emperor, Bahadur Shah II as the Emperor of India and the symbol of the revolt. Besides this fact though, there were multiple leaders at different storm centres of the revolt and each one of them were all fighting against the British for their own reasons and not one single cause.
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Answer: They served as a crude welfare system
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