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(1)
If there are three times as many males as females, the ratio of males to females would be 3:1.
To make this more clearer. Suppose you have 100 students. for each 4 students, 3 of them are male and 1 is a female.
We can then say there are 75 males and 25 females.
Expressing this as a ratio(fraction) is easy 3 out of 4 are males and 1 out of 4 are females. So the ratio of males would be;
(2)
Let x be the number of cola bottles
Let y be the number of smarties
Let z be the number of marshmallows
x=3y (since there are 3 times more x than y)
y=2z (since there are 2 times more y than z)
we know that marshmallows are twice as less as smarties. so for 1 marshmallow you'd have 2 smarties. But we also know that cola bottles should be 2×3=6 since we have 3 times more cola bottles than smarties.
Adding up our total sweets we get;
1+2+6=9
But how many of those are cola bottles? 6!
So the ratio of cola bottles can be expressed as,
You can simplify the numerator and denominator by 3 to get 2 over 3.
You know
Squaring both sides gives
Then raising both sides to any integer power gives
That is, any power of where the power is a multiple of 4 will always be equal to 1.
So
But perhaps you mean to write 20+1 as the exponent, in which case