Since the ratio is 5:4, they had to multiply 5x11 to get the 55. Now multiply the 4x11 to get 44. When you add the 55 and 44 that's 99 which only leaves 1 for the independent.
Step-by-step explanation:
see the photo for explanation
The ingredients given are for 4 dozen cookies; however, Christian only want to make one dozen, meaning he requires only 1/4 the ingredients.
1/4 of 2 1/4 cups of while sugar is found the following way.
First, we write 2 1/4 as an improper fraction

1/4 of this is

Hence, Christian requires 9/16 cups of white sugar.
Similarly, the 1/4 of 3/4 cups of brown sugar is

Hence, Chrisitan requires 3/16 cups of brown sugar.
Therefore, the total cups of sugar required is the sum of

3/4 cups of sugar.