Explanation:
A frameshift mutation is an insertion or deletion in a sequence of DNA which disrupts the way the code is read. It occurs when the codons undergo a disruption through the deletion or insertion of one or multiple nucleotides (given that the number removed or added are not multiples of 3) - this alters the open reading frame; the amino acids produced through translation simply occur in a different sequence.
Further Explanation:
During the process of cell division, spontaneous changes within the genome can arise. These mutations are errors occur when copies of the DNA within the cell are made; mutations may range from small changes called single nucleotide polymorphisms, to large scale deletions, and additions which span multiple genes. There are two types:
- somatic: these only occur within certain cells, and arise from environmental factors such as UV light
- hereditary: occur within germ cells of the parent and later the fertilized egg which forms a zygote; these are present within all cells of the new organism.
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<h3><u>Answer</u>;</h3>
D. The Peyer’s patches can release B cells to destroy Listeria
<h3><u>Explanation;</u></h3>
- The lymphatic system helps maintain fluid balance in the body by collecting excess fluid and particulate matter from tissues and depositing them in the bloodstream.
- It also helps defend the body against infection by supplying disease-fighting cells called lymphocytes.
- <u>The lymph contains a high number of a type of white blood cells called lymphocytes. These cells fight infection and destroy damaged or abnormal cells</u>.
<span>The answer to this question would be: e. increase the rate of the glycolytic reactions.
</span>Lack of oxygen limits the possible chemical reaction that can be done to produce energy. In the anaerobic environment, fermentation of glucose would be the source of energy for bacteria. The net amount of ATP can't be increased, so you need to increase the rate instead.
