Answer:
Antibodies.
Explanation:
Hypersensitive reaction are intolerable reactions that are mainly occur due to exaggerated immune reactions. Autoimmunity and allergies are mainly produced in the hypersensitivity.
Type II hypersensitive reactions is generally mediated by the IgM or IgG antibodies. Antibodies bind to the target cell that are present as a host cell and result in the Type II hypersensitive reaction.
Thus, the correct answer is option (1).
Primary succession is one of two types of biological and ecological succession of plant life, occurring in an environment in which new substrate devoid of vegetation and other organisms usually lacking soil,such as a lava flow or area left from retreated glacier,is deposited <span />
Answer:
The answer is the first option.
Explanation:
Relative dating is used to determine a fossils approximate age by comparing it to similar rocks and fossils of known ages. Absolute dating is used to determine a precise age of a fossil by using radiometric dating to measure the decay of isotopes, either within the fossil or more often the rocks associated with it.
ammonification and nitrification are the predominant methods by which organic nitrogen is prevented from returning to the atmosphere and is kept cycling through the biosphere.