Answer:
The correct answer is B.
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Cash flow= $500
Number of months= 50
Monthly interest rate= 0.07/12= 0.00583
First, we need to calculate the future value using the following formula:
FV= {A*[(1+i)^n-1]}/i
A= cash flow
FV= {500*[(1.00583^50) - 1]} / 0.00583
FV= $28,928.06
Now, the present value:
PV= FV/(1+i)^n
PV= 28,928.06/(1.00583^50)
PV= $21,631.67
Answer:
Indirect costs incurred in a manufacturing environment that cannot be traced directly to a product are treated as Product costs and expenses when the goods are sold, Option D.
Explanation:
Indirect costs are also manufacturing overheads which cannot be directly put on the product but they have to be allocated in some way. So, these are treated as 'product costs' and 'expenses' when the goods are sold. They are not period costs as per Option A and option C. Option B which says that it is product costs when incurred, which is also incorrect.
Examples of indirect costs can be accounting and legal expenses, rent, telephone expenses, salaries of administrative.
Direct costs includes the costs of direct 'labor', materials and commissions.
First of all, GDP does not include household production, production from the underground economy, intermadiate goods or intermediate servces. That is because we define GDP to be the total of all market values of all final goods and services in the country. Hence, the correct answer by the above definition cannot be d. The point of that definition is that household products cannot have a market value and that if we counted towards the GDP both the value of a Graphics Card and that of the PC, we would double count the value of the Graphics Card, thus overestimating the GDP. We see that the value of new houses are included in GDP since they need materials and services and they have a market value, so b is also excluded. Finally, we have shown that b is true but that this is a good thing and leads to a better estimate of total production; the correct answer is a. Here is an example. If there is an economy where in every house there is plenty of wood and people make wood dolls out of tradition, these dolls will not have a market value if they are kept by the people who made them. Nonetheless they are products too and everyone could just try to sell them the next day at a reasonable price; then, the GDP would get a bump out of nowhere, because it cannot account for household items or the underground economy.
Answer:
Option (C) is correct.
Explanation:
In an unregulated market, negative externality results in a higher social marginal cost than the firm marginal cost because this market is not properly regulated by the government officials. Hence, these firms are not taking into account the effect of negative externalities in their cost.
We know that the consumer's decision is more offenly based on the point where the marginal cost is equal to the marginal benefit because they are not taking the impact of negative externalities.
If proper action is not taken by the government, negative externality will result in a market inefficiencies.
