The "Spanish" influenza pandemic of 1918–1919, which caused ≈50 million deaths worldwide, remains an ominous warning to public health. Many questions about its origins, its unusual epidemiologic features, and the basis of its pathogenicity remain unanswered. The public health implications of the pandemic therefore remain in doubt even as we now grapple with the feared emergence of a pandemic caused by H5N1 or other virus. However, new information about the 1918 virus is emerging, for example, sequencing of the entire genome from archival autopsy tissues. But, the viral genome alone is unlikely to provide answers to some critical questions. Understanding the 1918 pandemic and its implications for future pandemics requires careful experimentation and in-depth historical analysis.
Answer:
In cotransport, a single ATP-powered pump that transports a specific solute drives the active transport of several other solutes. Normally, sodium in waste is reabsorbed in the colon, maintaining constant levels in the body, but diarrhea expels waste so rapidly that re-absorption is not possible, and sodium levels fall precipitously. To treat this life threatening condition, patients are given a solution to drink containing high concentrations of salt and glucose. The solutes are taken up by sodium-glucose cotransporters on the surface of intestinal cells and passed through the cells into the blood. This simple treatment has lowered infant mortality worldwide.
Answer:
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Explanation:
To explain the last sentence, what I mean by that is the sudden decrease in air pollution in just a few weeks is what would have typically taken multiple years to do. Due to less drivers, factories shutting down, and more, less toxic and infirm mental hazardous chemicals were released into the atmosphere in an extremely short amount of time. However, nowdays, it is almost back to where is was before the pandemic.
7. Stress is the force applied to a rock, which may cause deformation of the rock. There are three major types of stress and go along with the three types of plate boundaries; Compression stress is common at convergent boundaries, tension stress at divergent boundaries, and the shear stress at transform boundaries. In this case the rocks have undergone tensional stresses.
8. Horst is a raised fault block bounded by normal faults. A horst is a raised block of the Earth's crust that has lifted, or has remained stationary, while the land on either side (garben) has subsided. Therefore the structure labeled A in the diagram is Horst.
9. A Graben; it is a valley with a distinct escarpment on each side caused by the displacement of a block downward. It often occurs side by side with the horsts. Horst and Graben structures indicate tensional forces and crustal stretching. Therefore, the structure labeled B is Graben.
