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Tanzania [10]
3 years ago
5

A weak acid, HA, has a pKapKa of 4.3574.357 . If a solution of this acid has a pH of 4.0054.005 , what percentage of the acid is

not ionized? Assume all H+H+ in the solution came from the ionization of HA.
Chemistry
1 answer:
jenyasd209 [6]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

69.3%

Explanation:

The question should read as follows:

A weak acid, HA, has a pKa of 4.357. If a solution of this acid has a pH of 4.005, what percentage of the acid is not ionized? Assume all H⁺ in the solution came from the ionization of HA.

The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation relates the pKa and pH of a solution to the ratio of ionized (A⁻) and unionized (HA) forms of a weak acid:

pH = pKa + log ([A⁻]/[HA])

Substituting and solving for [A⁻]/[HA]:

4.005 = 4.3574 = log([A⁻]/[HA])

-0.3524 = log([A⁻]/[HA])

[A⁻]/[HA] = 0.444/1

The percentage of acid that is not ionized (i.e. the percentage of acid in the HA form) is calculated:

[HA]/([A⁻] + [HA]) x 100% = 1/(1+0.444) x 100% = 69.3%

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Explanation:

The given data is as follows.

            Volume of tank = 4 m^{3}

             Density of water = 1000 kg/m^{3}

Since, the tank is initially half-filled. Hence, the volume of water in the tank is calculated as follows.

                        \frac{1}{2} \times 4 = 2 m^{3}

Also, density of a substance is equal to its mass divided by its volume. Therefore, initially mass of water in the tank is as follows.

                    Mass = Density \times initial volume

                              = 1000 \times 2

                              = 2000 kg

Whereas mass of water in tank when it is full is as follows.

                     Mass = Density \times final volume

                               = 1000 \times 4

                               = 4000 kg

So, net mass of the fluid to be filled is as follows.

                  Net mass to be filled = Final mass - initial mass

                                                      = 4000 kg - 2000 kg

                                                      = 2000 kg

Mass flow rate (m_{in}) = 6.33 kg/s

Mass flow rate (m_{out}) = 3.25 kg/s

       Time needed to fill tank = \frac{\text{net mass to be filled}}{\text{net difference of flow rates}}

                                       = \frac{2000 kg}{m_{in} - m_{out}}

                                       = \frac{2000 kg}{6.33 kg/s - 3.25 kg/s}

                                       = 649.35 sec

Thus, we can conclude that 649.35 sec is taken by the tank to overflow.

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3 years ago
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