Answer:
Mutations can be caused by high-energy sources such as radiation or by chemicals in the environment. They can also appear spontaneously during the replication of DNA. Mutations generally fall into two types: point mutations and chromosomal aberrations. In point mutations, one base pair is changed. A single mutation can have a large effect, but in many cases, evolutionary change is based on the accumulation of many mutations with small effects. Mutational effects can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral, depending on their context or location. Most non-neutral mutations are deleterious.
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Electron - negligible mass, negative charge, orbits the nucleus
Proton - 1 AMU, positive charge, in the nucleus
Neutron, 1 AMU, no charge, in the nucleus
Because of the crystal structure of the ice, ice has lower density than liquid water. So the volume of the ice of same mass is greater than water. When melting, the volume will decrease.
