Explanation: Proteins function optimally in a particular cellular environment. Conditions that are different from those in the cell result in structural changes in the proteins. The function of a protein is dependent on its structure. A loss of the three-dimensional structure of protein that results in its loss of function is known as denaturation. A protein is said to be denatured if if it undergoes a change in structure or conformation that results in its loss of function. Proteins can be denatured by heat, extremes of pH, by certain miscible organic solvents such as alcohol or acetone, by certain solutes such as urea and by detergents.
When a protein is subjected to a high temperature or extremes of pH, or treated with any of the denaturating agents, the hydrophobic interactions that make up the stable structure of the protein are disrupted and the net charge on the protein is altered, this results in protein loss of function. The denatured protein cannot perform its usual functions in the cell.
Genetics is the scientific study of genes and heredity—of how certain qualities or traits are passed from parents to offspring as a result of changes in DNA sequence. A gene is a segment of DNA that contains instructions for building one or more molecules that help the body work.
