Answer:
The correct answer is - a. Fluorine is the leaving group in Sarin.
Explanation:
A leaving group is a group that leaves a complete negative charge in heterolytic cleavage when it separates out from the molecule. Sarine reacts with the active site of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase that is essential for nerve transmission.
In this given case, Sarin that is an acid fluoride and ester of methyl phosphonic acid, the fluorine atom is present is the one that leaves with a complete negative charge, therefore, fluorine is the leaving group in Sarin.
Thus, the first option is correct that Fluorine is the leaving group in Sarin.
Neither N₂ or O₂ are greenhouses gases because they do not cause the greenhouse effect.
<h3>What are greenhouses gases?</h3>
Greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere causing the temperature of the planet to rise.
Greenhouse gases cause the greenhouse effect.
<h3>What is the greenhouse effect?</h3>
The greenhouse effect is the warming up of the planet due to greenhouse gases.
Greenhouse gases include
- carbondioxide
- methane
- nitrous oxide and
- water vapour
So, neither N₂ or O₂ are greenhouses gases because they do not cause the greenhouse effect.
Learn more about greenhouse gases here:
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1) Ca-37, with a half-life of 181.1(10) ms.
Answer is: 7,826 kg of cryolite.
Chemical reaction: Al₂O₃ + 6NaOH + 12HF → 2Na₃AlF₆ + 9H₂<span>O.
m(</span>Al₂O₃) = 12,1 kg = 12100 g.
n(Al₂O₃) = m(Al₂O₃) ÷ M(Al₂O₃).
n(Al₂O₃) = 12100 g ÷ 101,96 g/mol = 111,86 mol; limiting reactant.
m(NaOH) = 60,4 kg = 60400 g.
n(NaOH) = 60400 g ÷ 40 g/mol.
n(NaOH) = 1510 mol.
m(HF) = 60,4 kg = 60400 g.
n(HF) = 60400 g ÷ 20 g/mol = 3020 mol.
From chemical reaction: n(Al₂O₃) : n(Na₃AlF₆) = 6 : 2.
n(Na₃AlF₆) = 2 ·111,86 mol ÷ 6 = 37,28 mol.
m(Na₃AlF₆) = 37,28 mol · 209,94 g/mol.
m(Na₃AlF₆) = 7826,56 g = 7,826 kg.
Answer : When the nuclear reaction produces too many neutrons.
Explanation : In a nuclear fission reactor where the reaction is controlled by regulating the number of neutrons produced by the chain reaction. Production of too many neutrons may cause an accelerated uncontrolled chain reaction which may cause enormous heat to be generated in a very short period of time inside the reactor which may result into an explosion.
For, this purpose control rods, made of neutron absorbing species, like cadmium, are placed in the nuclear reactors to control the excess number of neutrons at any point of reaction when required.
