Cancer cells reproduce the same way the other cells reproduce. The difference between cancer cells and others is that their reproduction is uncontrollable. They constantly go through the cell cycle and they reproduce. Two ways cell reproductions are meiosis and mitosis. DNA duplicates itself. Cancer is incessantly receiving messages.
Initiation , elongation, termination
Answer:
Descent with modification
Explanation:
We define evolution as descent with modification from a common ancestor.
Evolution only occurs when there is a change in gene frequency within a population over time. These genetic differences are hereditary and can be passed on to the next generation - which is what really matters in evolution: long-term change. In this process, the new generations are better suited to their environment than the first generation because of descent with genetic modification.
The noncyclic pathway is a FLOW of electrons from water, to photosystem II, to PHOTOSYSTEM I to NADPH. Energy is released as ELECTRONS move through the first electron transfer chain. This energy pumps HYDROGEN IONS into the thylakoid compartment, and then they power the formation of ATP as they flow back out. Sunlight provides the energy needed to keep this cycle going.
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- Luminous energy is trapped by chlorophyll in Photosystem II.
- When the pigment molecules absorb light, electrons provided by water molecules get in a higher energy level.
- The excited electrons go through the electron transport chain from Photosystem II to a less energetic level in photosystem I.
- <em>When the excited electrons leave photosystem II, they are replaced by new electrons extracted from the water molecules. </em>
- Luminous energy absorbed move the electrons from the photosystem I to another electron acceptor, from where they get transported again and used to produce NADPH molecules.
- <em>When electrons leave Photosystem I, they are replaced by new electrons coming from photosystem II. </em>
- When the water molecule breaks down, hydrogen ions remain in the thylakoid lumen, from where they are pumped to the stroma by the ATP synthase.
- The released energy is used to produce ATP molecules.
- Hydrogen ions go back from the stroma to the thylakoid compartment.
The final products are oxygen, ATP, and NADPH.
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I think the answer to this is the kidneys