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3 years ago

Solve for 2cos^2theta + 13costheta = -6. theta is >= 0 and < 360 degrees

Mathematics

1 answer:

LiRa [457]3 years ago

7 0

$\\ 2cos^2 \theta+13cos \theta=-6 \\ 2cos^2 \theta+13cos \theta+6=0 \\ 2cos^2 \theta+12cos \theta+1cos \theta+6=0 \\ 2cos \theta(cos \theta+6)+1(cos \theta+6)=0 \\ (2cos\theta +1)(cos\theta+6)=0 \\$

$cos\theta+6=0 \\ cos\theta=-6 \\ \\ cos(x)=|a| \leq 1 \\ |-6| \geq 1 \\ \\$

$2cos \theta+1=0 \\ 2cos \theta=-1 \\ cos \theta=- \frac{1}{2} \\ \theta= \frac{ 2\pi }{3} +2 \pi k~~~k \in Z \\ \\ 0 \leq \theta \ \textless \ 360^{а} \\ 0 \leq \theta \ \textless \ 2 \pi \\ \theta = \frac{2 \pi }{3} \\ \theta = \frac{2 \pi }{3} , \frac{4 \pi }{3}$

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madreJ [45]

Rectangular form:
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Angle notation (phasor):
z = 3 ∠ -135°

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Exponential form:
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Polar coordinates:
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Cartesian coordinates:
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3 years ago

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y′′ −y = 0, x0 = 0 Seek power series solutions of the given differential equation about the given point x 0; find the recurrence

sukhopar [10]

Let

$\displaystyle y(x) = \sum_{n=0}^\infty a_nx^n = a_0 + a_1x + a_2x^2 + \cdots$

Differentiating twice gives

$\displaystyle y'(x) = \sum_{n=1}^\infty na_nx^{n-1} = \sum_{n=0}^\infty (n+1) a_{n+1} x^n = a_1 + 2a_2x + 3a_3x^2 + \cdots$

$\displaystyle y''(x) = \sum_{n=2}^\infty n (n-1) a_nx^{n-2} = \sum_{n=0}^\infty (n+2) (n+1) a_{n+2} x^n$

When x = 0, we observe that y(0) = a₀ and y'(0) = a₁ can act as initial conditions.

Substitute these into the given differential equation:

$\displaystyle \sum_{n=0}^\infty (n+2)(n+1) a_{n+2} x^n - \sum_{n=0}^\infty a_nx^n = 0$

$\displaystyle \sum_{n=0}^\infty \bigg((n+2)(n+1) a_{n+2} - a_n\bigg) x^n = 0$

Then the coefficients in the power series solution are governed by the recurrence relation,

$\begin{cases}a_0 = y(0) \\ a_1 = y'(0) \\\\ a_{n+2} = \dfrac{a_n}{(n+2)(n+1)} & \text{for }n\ge0\end{cases}$

Since the n-th coefficient depends on the (n - 2)-th coefficient, we split n into two cases.

• If n is even, then n = 2k for some integer k ≥ 0. Then

$k=0 \implies n=0 \implies a_0 = a_0$

$k=1 \implies n=2 \implies a_2 = \dfrac{a_0}{2\cdot1}$

$k=2 \implies n=4 \implies a_4 = \dfrac{a_2}{4\cdot3} = \dfrac{a_0}{4\cdot3\cdot2\cdot1}$

$k=3 \implies n=6 \implies a_6 = \dfrac{a_4}{6\cdot5} = \dfrac{a_0}{6\cdot5\cdot4\cdot3\cdot2\cdot1}$

It should be easy enough to see that

$a_{n=2k} = \dfrac{a_0}{(2k)!}$

• If n is odd, then n = 2k + 1 for some k ≥ 0. Then

$k = 0 \implies n=1 \implies a_1 = a_1$

$k = 1 \implies n=3 \implies a_3 = \dfrac{a_1}{3\cdot2}$

$k = 2 \implies n=5 \implies a_5 = \dfrac{a_3}{5\cdot4} = \dfrac{a_1}{5\cdot4\cdot3\cdot2}$

$k=3 \implies n=7 \implies a_7=\dfrac{a_5}{7\cdot6} = \dfrac{a_1}{7\cdot6\cdot5\cdot4\cdot3\cdot2}$

so that

$a_{n=2k+1} = \dfrac{a_1}{(2k+1)!}$

So, the overall series solution is

$\displaystyle y(x) = \sum_{n=0}^\infty a_nx^n = \sum_{k=0}^\infty \left(a_{2k}x^{2k} + a_{2k+1}x^{2k+1}\right)$

$\boxed{\displaystyle y(x) = a_0 \sum_{k=0}^\infty \frac{x^{2k}}{(2k)!} + a_1 \sum_{k=0}^\infty \frac{x^{2k+1}}{(2k+1)!}}$

4 0

3 years ago