All categories

3 years ago

Why is steam distillation prefered over fractional distillation for the extraction of essencial oils?

Chemistry

1 answer:

frez [133]3 years ago

7 0

Answer:

Because , the advantage of steam distillation over simple distillation is that the lower boiling point reduces decomposition of temperature-sensitive compounds. Steam distillation is useful for the purification of organic compounds, although vacuum distillation is more common

Explanation:

You might be interested in

Consider a transition of the electron in the hydrogen atom from n=3 to n=7.

kow [346]

Answer:

For a: The wavelength of light is $1.005\times 10^{-6}m$

For b: The light is getting absorbed

Explanation:

For a:

To calculate the wavelength of light, we use Rydberg's Equation:

$\frac{1}{\lambda}=R_H\left(\frac{1}{n_i^2}-\frac{1}{n_f^2} \right )$

Where,

$\lambda$ = Wavelength of radiation

$R_H$ = Rydberg's Constant = $1.097\times 10^7m^{-1}$

$n_f$ = Higher energy level = 7

$n_i$ = Lower energy level = 3

Putting the values in above equation, we get:

$\frac{1}{\lambda }=1.097\times 10^7m^{-1}\left(\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{7^2} \right )\\\\\lambda =1.005\times 10^{-6}m$

Hence, the wavelength of light is $1.005\times 10^{-6}m$

For b:

There are two ways in which electrons can transition between energy levels:

Absorption spectra: This type of spectra is seen when an electron jumps from lower energy level to higher energy level. In this process, energy is absorbed.
Emission spectra: This type of spectra is seen when an electron jumps from higher energy level to lower energy level. In this process, energy is released in the form of photons.

As, the electron jumps from lower energy level to higher energy level. The wavelength is getting absorbed.

6 0

3 years ago

Gravitational potential energy is a function of the _____ and the ________ of an object.

babymother [125]

Answer:

B = mass, height

Gravitational potential energy is a function of the mass ans the height of an object.

Explanation:

The formula for gravitational potential energy is

GPE = mgh

m = mass in kilogram

g = acceleration due to gravity

h = height in meter above the ground

Formula:

GP.E = mgh

Consider the following example:

A crane lifts a 75kg mass a height of 8 m. Calculate the gravitational potential energy gained by the mass:

Formula:

GP.E = mgh

Now we will put the values in formula.

g = 9.8 m/s²

GP.E = 75 Kg × 9.8 m/s²× 8 m

GP.E = 5880 Kg.m²/s²

Kg.m²/s² = j

GP.E = 5880 j

5 0

3 years ago

Explain what happens to temperature and energy as molecules move from gas to liquid to solid

aleksley [76]

Answer and Explanation:

As the temperature of the substances increases, the average energy of the molecules increases, and average energy of attraction between the molecules decreases consequently intermolecular spacing between the molecules increases. As a result, a substance change in succession from gas to liquid to solid.

7 0

3 years ago

The low-resolution mass spectrum of an unknown analgesic X had a molecular ion of 151. Possible molecular formulas include C7H5N

garik1379 [7]

Answer:

The molecular formula of X is C8H9NO2

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

exact mass of 151.0640

Molar mass of C = 12 g/mol

Molar mass of H = 1.00783 g/mol

Molar mass of O = 15.9949 g/mol

Molar mass of N = 14.0031 g/mol

Step 2: Calculate molar mass of C7H5NO3

7*12 + 5*1.00783 + 14.0031 + 3*15.9949 = 151.02695 g/mol

Step 3: Calculate molar mass of C8H9NO2

8*12 + 9*1.00783 + 14.0031 + 2*15.9949 = 151.06337 g/mol

Step 4: Calculate molar mass of C10H17N

10*12 + 17*1.00783 + 14.0031 = 151.13621 g/mol

The molecular formula of X is C8H9NO2

3 0

2 years ago

A 85.2 g copper bar was heated to 221.32 degrees Celsius and placed in a coffee cup calorimeter containing 4250 mL of water at 2

Assoli18 [71]

Answer:

The specific heat of copper is 0.385 J/g°C

Explanation:

A 85.2 g copper bar was heated to 221.32 degrees Celsius and placed in a coffee cup calorimeter containing 425 mL of water at 22.55 degrees Celsius. The final temperature of the water was recorded to be 26.15 degrees Celsius. What is the specific heat of the copper?

Step 1: Data given

Mass of copper = 85.2 grams

Temperature of copper = 221.32 °C

Volume of water = 425 mL

Temperature of water = 22.55 °C

Final temperature = 26.15 °C

Specific heat of water = 4.184 J/g°C

Step 2: Calculat the specific heat of copper

Heat lost = heat gained

Q = m*c*ΔT

Qcopper = -Qwater

m(copper)*c(copper)*ΔT(copper) = - m(water) * c(water) * ΔT(water)

⇒ m(copper) = 85.2 grams

⇒ c(copper) = TO BE DETERMINED

⇒ ΔT(copper) = the change in temeprature = T2 -T1 = 26.15 -221.32 = -195.17 °C

⇒ m(water) = The mass of water = 425 mL * 1g/mL = 425 grams

⇒ c(water) = The specific heat of water = 4.184 J/g°C

⇒ ΔT(water) = The change of temperature of water = 26.15 - 22.55 = 3.6

85.2 * c(copper) * (-195.17) = -425 * 4.184 * 3.6

c(copper) = 0.385 J/g°C

The specific heat of copper is 0.385 J/g°C

(Note, The original question says the volume of the water is 4250 mL. IF this is not an error, the specific heat of copper is 3.85 J/g°C (10x higher than the normal value).

8 0

3 years ago

Why is steam distillation prefered over fractional distillation for the extraction of essencial oils?​

Why is steam distillation prefered over fractional distillation for the extraction of essencial oils?