Answer:
Explanation: 1) Individual who is bald but neither parents has a widow's peak: As having a peak is dominant and the individual is bald with parents that doesn't have the trait, the genotype is recessive, in the case ww;
2) Individual has a widow's peak: The individual's genotype can be WW, homozygous for the trait or Ww, heterozygous for the trait, depending on the genotype of the parents;
3) Individual can't roll their tongue: Being able to roll the tongue is a dominant characteristics, so if the individual can't roll their tongue means the genotype is recessive. But, there is little evidence that this trait is dominant or inheritable;
4) Individual has a widow's peak but their mother does not: In this case, the genotype of the individual is heterozygous (Ww), because the mother is recessive (ww) and the offspring has the trait, so the father must have had it;
5) If an individual does not have a widow's peak (ww), which genotype would be impossible? If this individual crosses over with another individual with the same trait, their children will be all recessive for widow's peak (ww), so there is no possibility of an offspring with the trait;
If the initial individual crosses over with an individual with widow's peak, two possiblities can occur:
- If the crossover is with an individual homozygous for the trait (WW): all their children will have widow's peak with genotype Ww. So, the possibility of not having the peak is 0;
- If the crossover is with an individual heterozygous for the trait (Ww), there will be a probability of 25% for the children to have genotype WW, a probability of 50% for the offspring to be heterozygous (Ww) and has the trait and probability of 25% to be recessive (ww) and therefore doesn't have the trait;
Assuming dragon genetics follow the same rules as fruit flies, we would get the same possible genotype for all 16 offspring provided that the genes are not linked.
Considering dragon genetics, flame eyes (F) are dominant to blue eyes (f) and burbling (B) is dominant to whistling (b).
Now, a dihybrid cross between two homozygous blue-eyed, whistling dragons will yield 16 offspring all with the same possible genotype .i.e. homozygous blue-eyed, whistling type.
Morgan through experiments on fruit flies observed that when the two genes in a dihybrid cross were situated on the same chromosome, the proportion of parental gene combination were much higher than the non-parental type.
He attributed this due to the physical association or linkage of the two genes and coined the term 'linkage' to describe the physical association of genes on a chromosome. The term 'recombination' is to describe the generation of non-parental gene combination.
To learn more about dihybrid cross here
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