The U.S. Supreme Court hands down its decision on Sanford v. Dred Scott, a case that intensified national divisions over the issue of slavery.
In 1834, Dred Scott, a slave, had been taken to Illinois, a free state, and then Wisconsin territory, where the Missouri Compromise of 1820 prohibited slavery. Scott lived in Wisconsin with his master, Dr. John Emerson, for several years before returning to Missouri, a slave state. In 1846, after Emerson died, Scott sued his master’s widow for his freedom on the grounds that he had lived as a resident of a free state and territory. He won his suit in a lower court, but the Missouri supreme court reversed the decision. Scott appealed the decision, and as his new master, J.F.A. Sanford, was a resident of New York, a federal court decided to hear the case on the basis of the diversity of state citizenship represented. After a federal district court decided against Scott, the case came on appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court, which was divided along slavery and antislavery lines; although the Southern justices had a majority.
During the trial, the antislavery justices used the case to defend the constitutionality of the Missouri Compromise, which had been repealed by the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854. The Southern majority responded by ruling on March 6, 1857, that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional and that Congress had no power to prohibit slavery in the territories. Three of the Southern justices also held that African Americans who were slaves or whose ancestors were slaves were not entitled to the rights of a federal citizen and therefore had no standing in court. These rulings all confirmed that, in the view of the nation’s highest court, under no condition did Dred Scott have the legal right to request his freedom. The Supreme Court’s verdict further inflamed the irrepressible differences in America over the issue of slavery, which in 1861 erupted with the outbreak of the American Civil War.
Sociologists use the term peer or
group or people of similar age and social status, and having similar interests.
The lifelong process of social interaction in which the individual acquires a
social identity and ways of thinking, feeling, and acting that are essential
for effective participation in a society
Answer: A. a paradigm shift,as it challenged the existing paradigm of the day
Explanation:
A paradigm shift is a major change that occurs in the practices and the concepts of how something works.
Since Ptolemy believed that the earth was at the center of the universe while Copernicus asserted the notion that the sun was at the center of the solar system. Thomas Kuhn would call this an example of paradigm shift.
Efficacy is getting matters. it's far the potential to produce a desired amount of the desired effect or fulfillment in attaining a given intention. efficiency is doing things in the maximum low-priced manner. it's far the ratio of the output to the inputs of any device (appropriate input to output ratio).
Efficacy and effectiveness are close enough which means that they're regularly used interchangeably in contexts. however, effectiveness is regularly extra especially used inside the context of the way something accomplishes an assignment while efficacy conveys the quantity to which something accomplishes its task in any respect.
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Because georgia was a colony and a state. Plus it belongs to both the US and North America.
