Hello Martincoretox9aum, an earl is a member of the nobility. The title is Anglo-Saxon in origin, akin to the Scandinavian form jarl, and meant "chieftain", particularly a chieftain set to rule a territory in a king's stead. In Scandinavia, it became obsolete in the Middle Ages and was replaced by duke (hertig/hertug/hertog). In later medieval Britain, it became the equivalent of the continental count (in England in the earlier period, it was more akin to a duke; in Scotland it assimilated the concept of mormaer). However, earlier in Scandinavia, jarl could also mean a sovereign prince.<span>[citation needed]</span> For example, the rulers of several of the petty kingdoms of Norway had the title of jarl
and in many cases they had no less power than their neighbours who had
the title of king. Alternative names for the rank equivalent to
"Earl/Count" in the nobility structure are used in other countries, such
as the hakushaku of the post-restoration Japanese Imperial era.In modern Britain, an earl is a member of the peerage, ranking below a marquess and above a viscount. A feminine form of earl never developed; instead, countess is used.
Cloture affects a filibuster by actually stopping a filibuster in the middle of it.
<span>Reformation required lay people reading Bible. Printing Press invented. Middle Class empowered and information available to more people. New World Discovered, Scientific and Economic developments enhanced middle class power bringing about French Revolution. Middle Class or merchant class ruled which brought about Industrial Revolution. Technological Progress increased exponentially to our time today.</span>
Answer:
1. One important result of industrialization and immigration was the growth of cities, a process known as urbanization.
2. Urbanization refers to the population shift from rural to urban areas, the decrease in the proportion of people living in rural areas, and the ways in which societies adapt to this change.
3. Even though the Industrial Revolution produced harsh conditions for workers, child labor, and an increase in the cost of living it proved to have raised living standards in the 18th and 19th century due to increase in wages, technological advancements, and an increase in life expectancy and it allowed economies to thrive.
4. They offered operating flexibility in the short term, to route around fires and other temporary street obstructions, and in the long term, to be shifted easily into new areas needing service.
