Which of the factors likely contributed to the evolution of inducible defenses against herbivory? Select all that apply. a. diff
ering strategies for overcoming plant defenses among herbivores b. unpredictable fluctuations in local herbivore populations c. the cost to growth of allocating resources to defense d. consistent fitness benefits of high allocations to defense
c. the cost to growth of allocating resources to defense
d. consistent fitness benefits of high allocations to defense
Explanation:
In order to ensure survival by escape of grazing and browsing by herbivores (and insects) plant usually adopt different defence mechanisms.This forms the basis for the optimum defence hypothesis .
The basic idea of the hypothesis is that the type of defence that an organism e.g plant will adopt against an herbivore depends on its fitness, and since this involve expenditure of energy it will be expensive for the organism to afford and maintain.
Cells build carbohydrate polymers by using energy to form glycosidic linkages, the bonds between monosaccharides. A dehydration synthesis reaction forms a bond between carbon atoms in two monosaccharides, sandwiching an oxygen atom between them and releasing a water molecule.
Bacterial DNA replication moves out from the origin of replication in two directions, while eukaryotic DNA replication moves out from the origin of replication in only one direction.
