Soap solution functions to dissolve the cell membranes, alcohol is used to precipitate DNA, and Gatorade is a isotonic solution.
Explanation:
In the DNA extraction protocols, the cell membranes that are formed by lipidic bilayers can be dissolved by using detergent solutions that are functionally analog to soap solution, shampoo, etc. On the other hand, alcohol enables to precipitate DNA (because DNA is not soluble in alcohol), while proteins and other cellular components remain in the extraction solution. Finally, Gatorade is a isotonic solution that may be used to prevent the cells from lysing.
