He meant that if they failed then everything that the world has worked so hard for, to advance and become "smarter" than we once were would all be for nothing. We would enter a new Dark Age. The Dark Ages were an extraordinarily difficult period in the story of humanity. It is estimated that 100 million people died at the hands of war, poverty, and plague. But during this time new ideas and ideals were born and much of the groundwork was laid for the world we know today.
Answer: you use a parenthetical citation
Explanation: you use this to show the teacher that this is not your own work
Should be climax because the character is finally realizing something
Answer: A, from what I know you normally don’t put anything before or after nevertheless
(Also did you mean to put commas because I’m pretty sure those are commas not semicolons)
The ant is a hard worker who knows that in order to have a comfortable and happy lifestyle, one must work to obtain it, instead of squander time with play.
The grasshopper is a character who only cared about playing and having fun, and so when the time came (winter) when he truly wanted to be inside and comfortable, there was no food and shelter to sustain him. He did not understand the greater value of working hard for comfort.