The answer is: C. On appeal from a lower court via a writ of certiorari
A writ of certiorari is a type of petition of judicial review in the United States that is more commonly seen when a party fills a petition for a case that has been decided by one of the United States courts of appeals in order to be reviewed by SCOTUS in case of legal error.
After the Civil War, Southern state legislatures attempted to restrict the rights of formerly enslaved persons by "passing Black Codes" which segregated blacks from whites.
Answer:
There was a passion for knowledge.
Answer:
We have to ensure justice, defend our country and maintain peace.
Explanation:
The Preamble of the United States says that We are the People of the United States who can form a more perfect Union, provide Justice to all the affected people, insure domestic peace, contribute in defense of our country, promote the Welfare of people and development of the country, and secure the Liberty to ourselves and to our future generation. We have to achieve these six goals in order to lead the world and become one of the most powerful nation in the world. We have to provide justice to all people in order promote peace in the society. We have to defend our country whenever it need us.