Answer:
1. Medial collateral ligament, lateral collateral ligament, anterior cruciate ligament and posterior cruciate ligaments.
2. Chondromalacia patellae
Explanation:
The knee is a ginglymus that connects the thigh to the leg. It is the largest joint in the human body, that plays a vital role in the horizantal and the vertical movement of the body.
There are <u>four ligaments</u> of knee joint, that joins the femur to the tibia and also provides stability by limiting movement. They are: <u>medial collateral ligament, lateral collateral ligament, anterior cruciate ligament and posterior cruciate ligaments.</u>
Chondromalacia patellae is a medical condition that includes inflammation of the cartilage on the posterior aspect of the patella, which leads to softening of the cartilage.
The right answer is false.
Angioplasty is a technique that can reopen narrowed or obstructed arteries in the heart (coronary arteries) without extensive surgery. First performed in 1977, angioplasty is now as common as coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
The treatment of arteriosclerosis is surgical or endovascular if there is a risk of life, significant functional impairment or major risk involving the life of an organ or limb.
Angioplasty is not the only surgery for this, Several surgical techniques aim at restoring the arterial lumen or irrigating the private territory or at suppressing the arterial aneurysm.
- Endoluminal angioplasty or dilation using a balloon with or without a stent to correct a stenosis or to recanalize a short arterial occlusion.
- The removal by endarterectomy which consists of removing the atheroma plug which obstructs an artery leaving only the weed.
- Bridging, which will "short circuit" the obliterated artery by allowing the passage of blood from the healthy artery upstream to the permeable artery downstream, made with venous, arterial or prosthetic material.
In case of an aneurysm two techniques are available: either bypass surgery in conventional surgery removing the aneurysm - or the stent covered excluding the aneurysm.
In all cases the risks must be compared to the benefits of each technique and correctly exposed beforehand. Each act must be adapted to each case according to the functional stage, the general state of the patient and his physiological age more than legal.
The correct answer is catalyst. Hope that helps.
Answer:
The correct option is b. lower esophageal sphincter
Explanation:
The esophagus is the initial part of the digestive tract and its function is the transport of the alimentary bolus from the pharynx to the stomach, through the thorax and avoid the reflux thereof. It begins and ends in two sphincter structures, the upper esophageal sphincter and the lower esophageal sphincter, which separate it from the pharynx and stomach. The lower esophageal sphincter has two functions: relax during swallowing and prevent reflux of the gastric contents into the esophagus in the postdeglutory period. After swallowing, there is a relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter, pressure dropping to levels similar to those of the gastric fundus, which allows the bolus to enter the stomach. This relaxation lasts a few seconds and is followed by a strong contraction that prevents backflow of food.
