The answer is the second one,where Soviet economic control was concentrated at the top that discouraged new technology and innovations. Since the control was tight,the locals cannot sell whatever they want to the market but do accordingly as the government say. Under communism,no matter how hard an individual work,they recieve income that is same with everyone. People would then lost motivation to create not only that it would not be approved but it won't give them any benefits.
In attempt to alter the situation, USSR adopted a new economic policy that allows free market. The change was so drastic and sudden that both the civilians and the market failed to adopt it. The economy only went downhill since then,leading to the instability of USSR’s governing.
Adults start to seek a relationship with another person during Stage 6 of Erikson's theory. Stage 6 is called Intimacy vs. Isolation. Adults start to worry about finding the right life partner and worry about spending the rest of their lives alone.
