Answer:
B. gain commercial/economic advantages in China
Explanation:
One of the major reasons European nations established spheres of influence in China in the 19th century was to gain commercial and economic advantage in China.
They were aware that China was a key nation with numerous potential so the European nations began to extend their tentacles of influence to China to tap into those potentials.
I believe it would be the Jim crow law
The jim crow law is a set of regulations that is aimed to racially segregate the infrastructure that can be used by black and white citizens after the reconstruction.
The laws prohibit blacks citizens to use the same schools, public transportation, restaurants, or hospital as the white citizens.
Since the infrastructures that can be used by black citizens typically lower in quality, it really limited the chance that black people have to advance and prosper in the society.
The Progressive Era of the United States was part of an era from 1890 to 1920 when many american countries were seeking to modernize government and streamline democracy, in latin america many of the newly founded democracies were dealing in this period with social movements that demanded parties and offices to no longer be held by oligarchies. In the U.S. progressists hoped to create, through political, economical and social reforms, a more just, efficient and inclusive government, actively opposing corruption and the established political machinery, in that way they sought to be better able to bring about positive change.
Some of the national-level reforms realized by progressists are: the imposition of income tax, direct election of senators, prohibition, anti-fraud election reforms and legalizing women's vote.
