The first is the Frye Test
According to the Frye Test, which is also known as the Frye Standard, an expert witness testimony is valid if the techniques used in providing the testimony have been generally accepted by the scientific community as a valid technique in the field of study that is in question. Many courts abandoned this standard but some still stick to it
The second is the Daubert Standard
This standard is more complex as it has many more things on the checklist of reliability. For starters, the Judge is the gatekeeper who decides whether or not something is reliable. Also, scientific knowledge presented must have been proven through a scientific method in a manner such that the results are relevant and reliable. It was created because it was believed that the Frye standard was not reliable enough to be used in a court.
The third is the Reliability standard
This standard also came into existence out of the problems that existed with the Frye standard. It focuses on reliability while abandoning many of the Frye test principles. It is often used together with Frye as it is believed that it updates the Frye standard while abandoning its negative aspects. Compared to Daubert it is less comprehensive.
Many of the countries that participated in WWI expected a very short war. None of them prepared economically for such a long war, such as in the case of stockpiling raw materials such as steel or iron, or stockpiling food. Two of the consequences in economic policies where the following:
- The front lines had to be channeled with male workers, and one of the economic policies used to control the cost of war was forcing women and children to work at the production of weapons and munition. It is calculated that the French and Germans fired around 10 millions shells, with a total weight of 1.4 millions tons of steel.
- Food became an issue during WWI, with severe food shortages reported in urban areas by 1915. This caused a great increase in food prices, and food riots became more common and violent. Agriculture was in the hands of women, and food had to be stockpiled.
I hope this answer helps you. Have a great day!
My guess is- making new laws and getting democracy to vote
It would be industrialization that changed American culture drastically. This is also related to westward expansion, and in many ways led to the conflicts that brought about Civil War.
President Eisenhower exercised his federal authority in an effort to desegregate schools after the Brown vs. Board of Education ruling. This famous Supreme Court case stated that the idea of "separate but equal" is inherently unequal. Despite the ruling, several different southern states refused to follow the new ruling. This included the state of Arkansas.
The governor of Arkansas used the Arkansas National Guard to stop nine black students from attending Central High School after the Brown vs. Board ruling. Eisenhower than used his presidential authority to send in the 101st Airborne Division of the US military to ensure that these nine students were able to attend Central High School.
