Generally speaking, it would be an association with "the European Union" that offers the brightest immediate future for many African countries, since this is a union of many countries with economic and moral interests in Africa, as opposed to just one.
Salve narratives were mostly autobiographical in nature and gave an account of the person’s experience, their escape from slavery, and their lives after slavery.
(This paragraph answers both questions)
I’m thinking it was the boxer rebellion as that happened not long after the open door policy
