Question

Write a function called has_duplicates that takes a string parameter and returns True if the string has any repeated characters. Otherwise, it should return False.
Implement has_duplicates by creating a histogram using the histogram function above. Do not use any of the implementations of has_duplicates that are given in your textbook. Instead, your implementation should use the counts in the histogram to decide if there are any duplicates.

Write a loop over the strings in the provided test_dups list. Print each string in the list and whether or not it has any duplicates based on the return value of has_duplicates for that string. For example, the output for "aaa" and "abc" would be the following.

aaa has duplicates
abc has no duplicates

Print a line like one of the above for each of the strings in test_dups.

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

The python code for the question is attached in the image below.

The objective here is to write a code in python with a function called has_duplicates that takes a string parameter and returns True if the string has any repeated characters. Otherwise, it should return False.

SEE BELOW FOR THE CODE.

alphabet = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"

test_dups = ["zzz","dog","bookkeeper","subdermatoglyphic","subdermatoglyphics"]

test_miss = ["zzz","subdermatoglyphic","the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"]

def histogram(s):

   d = dict()

   for c in s:

       if c not in d:

           d[c]=1

       else:

           d[c] += 1

   return d

def has_duplicates():

   for string in test_dups:

       dictionary=histogram(string)

       duplicates=False

       for ch in dictionary.keys():

           if dictionary[ch] > 1:

               duplicates=True

               break

       if duplicates==True:

           print(string,"has duplicates")

       else:

           print(string,"has no duplicates")

def missing_letters(string):

   answer=""

   for ch in alphabet:

       if ch not in string:

           answer=answer+ch

   return answer

print("__________________________________________")

print(" Calling has_duplicates() function")

print("__________________________________________")

has_duplicates()

print("\n______________________________________________")

print("Calling missing_letters() function in for loop")

print("______________________________________________")

for i in test_miss:

   answer=missing_letters(i)

   if len(answer)>=1:

       print(i,"is missing letters",answer)

   else:

       print(i,"uses all the letters")