Explanation:
Justin himself planted the seeds for the byzantine empires decline. First, his constant wars and the rebuilding of constantinople after the nika riot caused serious financial problems for the empire finally during the last years of justinian reign the empire suffered from several attacks of bubonic plague
Well the Declaration of Independence was signed 1776, so the US had just formed a new nation. Therefore there were challenge that came with forming a new nation - creating a government. They first had the Articles of Confederation but that didn't give the central government enough power, so they drafted the Constitution, which gave more power to the federal government. Some people opposed the Constitution (Anti-federalists). So in the late 1700's political factions also formed with the birth of a new nation.
Answer:
option c: the economic principle that slashing government programs during a recession encourages recovery
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